Swimming pools, recreational pools, performance pools and various types of spa pools are venues for people to engage in activities such as swimming, leisure and entertainment, water play, fitness, artistic performances and hygiene care. The pool water comes into close contact with various parts of the human body.
Ensuring the pool water is clear, hygienic, healthy and comfortable, and preventing cross-infection of diseases, is a basic prerequisite for attracting people to such swimming and spa venues.
Strict disinfection of pool water can prevent the spread of various diseases and is an important measure to protect the health of swimmers, water players, spa users and artistic performers.
Among the three key elements of the pool water treatment system, disinfection, as the third critical element, is the final line of defense to ensure the health and safety of pool water.
Translation
The electrolytic sodium hypochlorite generator produces sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) disinfection solution on-site through the electrochemical electrolysis of brine (NaCl solution). Its core lies in converting Cl- into highly oxidizing ClO- via electrode reactions, and the overall process can be summarized into three stages: "Raw Material Pretreatment → Electrolysis Reaction → Product Formation".
Raw Material Pretreatment
Industrial refined salt (purity ≥ 99.5%) is dissolved into 2%-3% brine, which then undergoes precision filtration to remove impurities (such as sediment, calcium and magnesium ions). This prevents electrode blockage or scale formation and ensures the purity of the electrolyte.
Core Electrolysis Reaction
After the pure brine enters the electrolytic cell, driven by a DC electric field:
- At the anode (mostly ruthenium/iridium-coated titanium anode, chlorine corrosion-resistant), Cl- is preferentially discharged to generate chlorine gas (2Cl- - 2e- → Cl2↑);
- At the cathode, water molecules gain electrons to produce hydrogen gas (H2) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The OH- combines with Na+ in the solution to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Sodium Hypochlorite Formation
The Cl generated at the anode rapidly undergoes a disproportionation reaction with the NaOH produced at the cathode in the electrolytic cell (Cl2 + 2NaOH → NaClO + NaCl + H2O). Finally, a sodium hypochlorite solution with an available chlorine concentration of 0.8%-1.5% is formed, which can be used for disinfection after dilution.
During the entire process, the H2 produced at the cathode must be safely discharged through a dedicated pipeline (to avoid flammable and explosive risks). Meanwhile, temperature control (20-40ºC) and current density adjustment (10-30mA/cm²) are implemented to ensure reaction efficiency and reduce by-product formation.
I. Core Output Performance: Key Indicators Determining Disinfection Efficacy
Output performance represents the core capability of the equipment, directly related to the alignment with disinfection requirements. It mainly includes the following indicators:
1. Available Chlorine Production
Definition: The mass of "available chlorine" generated by the equipment per unit time (available chlorine is the standard for measuring the disinfection capacity of sodium hypochlorite, with a conversion ratio of 1g available chlorine ≈ 1.5g sodium hypochlorite);
Typical Range: Classified by capacity-small-scale equipment (50-500g/h), medium-scale equipment (500g/h-5kg/h), and large-scale equipment (5-50kg/h). Customization is available based on scenarios (e.g., swimming pools, water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants);
Key Requirement: The fluctuation error of production shall be ≤ ±5% (relying on a stable power supply and brine feed system).
2. Available Chlorine Concentration
Definition: The mass fraction of available chlorine in the generated sodium hypochlorite solution;
Typical Range: 0.8%-1.5% (i.e., 8000-15000mg/L). Excessively high concentration tends to cause ClO- decomposition, while excessively low concentration requires increased dosage;
Control Logic: Precise control is achieved by adjusting brine concentration (2%-3%) and electrolysis current density, with a concentration error of ≤ ±0.1%.
3. Current Efficiency
Definition: The ratio of the electric quantity actually used for generating available chlorine to the total consumed electric quantity, reflecting the energy utilization efficiency of the electrolysis process;
Industry Standard: ≥ 85% (high-quality equipment can reach over 90%);
Influencing Factors:
Electrode material (ruthenium/iridium-coated titanium anodes offer higher efficiency);
Brine purity (impurities reduce current efficiency);
Electrolysis temperature (the optimal efficiency range is 20-40ºC).
II. Key Operating Parameters: Fundamental Indicators for Ensuring Equipment Stability
Operating parameters determine the equipment's energy consumption level and long-term reliability, and must comply with industrial-grade operation standards:
1. Power Supply Parameters
Input Power: Typically 380V/220V AC (three-phase/single-phase), compatible with industrial or civil power supply;
Output Characteristics: DC voltage-stabilized/current-stabilized output, with a current adjustment range of 5-500A and a voltage adjustment range of 5-50V, supporting stepless adjustment based on production requirements;
Energy Consumption Indicator: Energy consumption per unit of available chlorine ≤ 6kWh/kg (advanced equipment can be as low as 4.5kWh/kg); lower energy consumption results in lower long-term operating costs.
2. Brine Consumption
Theoretical Consumption: Approximately 2.5-3kg of industrial salt (purity ≥ 99.5%) is required to generate 1kg of available chlorine;
Practical Requirement: Brine consumption error ≤ ±10% (a precise brine metering pump must be matched to avoid salt waste or insufficient concentration).
3. Electrolysis Temperature Control
Operating Temperature: The temperature inside the electrolytic cell must be controlled within 20-40ºC (temperature < 20ºC will increase solution resistance and energy consumption; temperature > 40ºC will accelerate ClO- decomposition);
Temperature Control Method: Small-scale equipment adopts natural heat dissipation, while medium/large-scale equipment requires a supporting air-cooling or water-cooling system, with a temperature fluctuation ≤ ±3ºC.
III. Safety Performance: Core Guarantee for Avoiding Operational Risks
The equipment involves electrolytic reactions and flammable/explosive by-products (H2), so its safety performance must comply with relevant national standards (e.g., GB 50831-2012 Technical Requirements for Chlorine Production by Seawater Electrolysis):
1. Hydrogen (H2) Handling
Emission Requirements: H2 generated at the cathode must be collected through a dedicated pipeline. The vent port should be far from ignition sources and in a well-ventilated area, and the emission concentration must be lower than the lower explosive limit of hydrogen (4%);
Safety Design: Equipped with an H2 concentration detector (which triggers automatic shutdown when the concentration exceeds the standard) and a one-way valve (to prevent air backflow).
2. Corrosion Protection and Insulation
Material Requirements: Components in contact with the electrolyte, such as electrolytic cells, brine tanks, and pipelines, must be made of corrosion-resistant materials (e.g., PVC, PE, titanium alloy) to prevent sodium hypochlorite from becoming ineffective or causing corrosion leakage due to contact with metals;
Electrical Insulation: The equipment enclosure must have a protection rating of ≥ IP54 (dustproof and waterproof), and the insulation resistance of the electrical system must be ≥ 10MΩ to prevent electric leakage risks.
3. Fault Protection
Protection Functions: Equipped with overcurrent protection (shuts down when current exceeds the standard), overvoltage protection (cuts off power when voltage is abnormal), liquid level protection (shuts down when brine/product liquid level is too low), and temperature protection (triggers an alarm when temperature exceeds 40ºC), ensuring safe shutdown of the equipment in case of abnormalities.
Address: Huji Industrial Park, Deshang Expressway, Mudan District, Heze City, Shandong Province, China
Business type: Manufacturer/factory, trading company
Business scope: manufacturing and processing machinery
Management system certification: ISO9001:2015 ISO45001:2018 ISO14001:2015
Main products: Ground flare, Biogas flares, flare stack,
Thermal Oxidation Furnace, Flue gas purification equipment
Heze Zexuan Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is an enterprise engaged in the manufacture of special equipment for environmental protection; sales of special equipment for environmental protection; application of industrial automation technology; sales of power electronic components; research and development of mechanical equipment; sales of intelligent instruments and meters; manufacturing of intelligent instruments and meters; research and development and promotion of comprehensive utilization of waste gas and VOCs treatment technology.
The company's main products and service directions: manufacturing of ground torches, elevated torches, waste gas venting torches, biogas torches, three waste incinerators, and wastewater treatment equipment, industrial automation and DCS system applications, wastewater treatment projects, VOCs treatment equipment and engineering construction, petrochemical accessories and instrument sales, petrochemical equipment installation, maintenance and repair, etc.; support product customization services and OEM services in the same industry, from design to manufacturing, installation, commissioning, and after-sales one-stop service.
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